Expert advice and medical guidance: Is it safe to use a hot water bottle during pregnancy?

There’s nothing quite like cosying up with a hot water bottle to soothe aches, pains and common pregnancy symptoms. It's a known fact that heat from a hot water bottle can act as pain relief by relaxing your muscles, improving blood flow and keeping the cold away. However, are hot water bottles safe in pregnancy?

For expert advice, we consulted Dr Suzanne Wylie, a GP and medical director who provided medical guidance on the safe use of hot water bottles during pregnancy. We've also compiled a list of recommended hot water bottles that are safe for use during pregnancy. We know many mums-to-be have crucial questions, like "will the heat affect my baby?" or "can a hot water bottle cause a miscarriage?". We'll address these concerns directly, providing you with all the information you need to feel completely reassured and comfortable.

Can you use a hot water bottle when pregnant?

"Yes, using a hot water bottle during pregnancy is generally considered safe as long as it is used with care," according to Dr Suzanne. "Many women find them helpful in easing common pregnancy discomforts such as pregnancy back pain or abdominal cramps, particularly during the earlier stages. However, it is important not to place a hot water bottle directly onto the skin. Always use a cover or wrap it in a towel to prevent burns. It is also advisable to use warm rather than very hot water, as excessive heat can pose a risk, especially in the first trimester when the developing baby is most vulnerable."

When to use a hot water bottle

Hot water bottles can be particularly helpful for relieving pain in areas like your lower back, hips, and bottom. They can also assist in easing muscle tension, especially in your paraspinal muscles.

Back pain: Back pain in pregnancy is common, and using a hot water bottle can ease sore muscles.

Muscle aches: Your growing body and hormonal changes are likely to cause more than a few aches and pains, which can be eased by using a hot water bottle.

Pelvic pain: The NHS advice on pelvic girdle pain suggests using heat on "tender areas like lower back, hips and buttocks for 10 to 20 minutes. You can use a hot pack or water bottle. Do not apply directly to the skin or bump."

Risks

While a hot water bottle offers some much-needed comfort when the aches and pains get a little too much, there are still some risks to be aware of. These include:

• Minor burns

• Danger of water leaking onto an electric blanket

• Potential for overheating

Dr Suzanne notes that overheating is a key concern in pregnancy. This is because the increased blood volume in pregnancy can already make you feel much warmer than usual, without added heat. So, understanding precisely how to use a hot water bottle safely is essential.

"Prolonged exposure to intense heat, particularly around the abdomen or lower back, may affect blood flow or raise the body’s core temperature, which could increase the risk of complications early in pregnancy. It is also important not to fall asleep with a hot water bottle on the body, as this could lead to accidental burns or excessive heat exposure," she adds.

Safety precautions

While using a hot water bottle in pregnancy is safe, you should take a number of precautions, which Dr Suzanne summarises as follows;

• Avoid placing it directly over the bump

• It is safer to use it on areas like the lower back or feet for comfort

• Make sure the water is not boiling

• Always check the bottle for leaks before use

• Limit each use to around fifteen to twenty minutes."

The NHS guidance on heat use is similar. It says you can use a hot water bottle when pregnant - "as long as it’s got a cover on it, and not too hot." They advise using it on your "back muscles or in your pubic area, or over your hips."

Guide: How to use a hot water bottle safely

Whether you’re pregnant or not, you should always follow these safety rules when using a hot water bottle:

• Always use a cover to avoid burning

• Check your bottle before each use for any tears or damage. If you spot any, replace it

• Be aware of the expiry date of your hot water bottle

• Ensure the lid fits on securely and that there are no leaks

• Let any boiling water cool a little before pouring it into a bottle to avoid tearing

• Only fill to three-quarters full to avoid overfilling

• Never use a hot water bottle at the same time as an electric blanket, in case of spillage

• If sleeping with your bottle, avoid lying or sitting on top of it so it doesn't burst

Other safety tips – Make sure the room is well-ventilated, and always keep a glass of water nearby. It’s also important not to layer too many clothes or blankets while using the hot water bottle, as overheating can cause discomfort. If you begin to feel too hot, remove the hot water bottle and cool down.

When to avoid heat

On your belly: Avoid placing the hot water bottle directly on your belly, as this could lead to excessive uterine congestion and even premature contractions.

First trimester: It’s best to refrain from using heat during the first trimester (0 to 12 weeks of pregnancy).

Fever/illness: If you have a fever, consult your doctor and avoid using heat.

The best hot water bottle for pregnancy

Alternative or additional pain relief

"If a hot water bottle is not suitable or you would prefer an alternative, there are several other options that can help relieve discomfort," Dr Suzanne says.

These include:

Microwaveable wheat bags - "These are a popular choice but should also be used carefully and not overheated," advises Dr Suzanne.

Massage – If you're lucky enough to have a partner who can give you a good rub, then pregnancy massage is a great way to relieve tension and relax you. It'll also help to warm you up if you're feeling chilly, as long as his hands aren't too cold and he warms up the oil in his hands before applying it to your body! Alternatively, you can look up professional services, just let them know you're pregnant before you book.

Warm bath - "This can be soothing but should be kept at a comfortable temperature, no higher than around thirty-six to thirty-seven degrees Celsius. A warming bath when pregnant, or even a shower can do wonders to soothe aches and pains, especially with some pregnancy-safe bubble bath, essential oils or a calming scented candle.

Pregnancy pillows - You can make do with ordinary pillows and cushions but pregnancy pillows are designed to support your body and bump in bed or when relaxing on the sofa, and take the strain off tired muscles.

Gentle exercise - While it might seem counterintuitive, exercise during pregnancy can actually help to reduce strains and strengthen your body to carry your bump as it grows. Go for gentle activities like walking, swimming or pregnancy yoga.

About the expert

Dr Suzanne Wylie is a GP and medical adviser for IQdoctor. She is passionate about health and well-being and has over 10 years' experience as a doctor working in both the private sector and continues to also work within the NHS.

About the author

Sophie Knight is a journalist and mum of two, and previously edited motherandbaby.com before moving on to write about family cars for Parkers.co.uk. Sophie went on to become Commercial Content Editor for M&B, Closer, Heat, Empire, and Yours before deciding to dedicate more of her time to her family and write freelance.